“We are persuaded to
spend money we don’t have, on things we don’t need, to create impressions that
won’t last, on people we don’t care about.” Tim Jackson, An
Economic Reality Check
We are indeed living in interesting times. There is a growing population that is
questioning the viability of the foundation of our society, the Gross Domestic
Product. There is a (minority) viewpoint
that maybe, just maybe, more “stuff” doesn’t equal more happiness.
Where did this start?
Interestingly enough, there is a connection
between happiness and GDP going back to the late 1700’s, when an Englishman
named Jeremy Bentham outlined a philosophy to assess the merits of actions
based on how much happiness said action produced, using pain and pleasure as
measurables. Which, not surprisingly,
turned out to be problematic, given individuals vastly different perspectives
on what constitutes pain or pleasure. So
a new measure was born. “Economists, the
most enthusiastic adopters of the concept, came to focus instead on the
tangible expression of people’s needs and desires: what they were willing to
spend money on.”
Consumption is generally viewed to be the silver bullet for
a healthy economy. In a recession? Pump stimulus money into the economy, so we
can buy more stuff. Great idea!
But I’ll make sure to buy local, so I’m not lining the pockets of those
greedy bastards that got us into this mess in the first place.
Stacey Mitchell, in a TEDxDirigo talk “We
Can’t Shop Our Way to a Better Economy”, outlines some pretty terrifying
realities. We are predominantly beholden
to a handful of conglomerates. “Over 40%
of the nation’s milk supply is now processed by a single company…if you’re a
dairy farmer, that means it’s pretty hard to get a fair price for your
milk. If you’re a consumer you still
have this illusion of choice because this one company markets under dozens of
different brands.” “One third of
everything we buy online now comes from a single company.” She argues that buying local alone won’t get
us out of the recession. Yes, small
farms are twice as productive per acre with fewer negative environmental
impacts. Yes, big box stores pay
criminally low wages and don’t improve the local economies. “If they aren’t outperforming, if they aren’t
delivering better outcomes, how is it that these giant companies have become so
dominant? The answer is that they’ve
used their market power and their political influence to rig the game. Since 1995 we’ve given over $275 billion to
farms through the farm bill; almost 87% of those dollars went to 10% of the
largest farms, and most of the money was spent on a handful of big commodity
crops, like corn and soybeans. These are
the building blocks of processed foods.
No wonder that a quarter pounder usually costs less than a pound of
locally grown broccoli.”
She outlines the importance of communities in changing our economic structures. Research shows that we are seven times more
likely to have a conversation at the farmer’s market than a big box store. Communities with locally owned businesses
have stronger social networks, which give them an edge in innovation. A locally owned bank that makes a 30-year
mortgage doesn’t sell the mortgage—it’s in their best interest for the
homeowner not to default, because a foreclosure for the homeowner is just as
devastating to the local bank.
To me this is a critical component of where we need to go. Rather than looking at “How do we stimulate
more spending to improve the economy” we need to look at Quality of Life. Are our citizens able to access all of the
basic necessities of life, are we able to provide them? Are we
designing communities that encourage social connectivity, mental and physical health, financial stability, and inclusion?
So where do we go from here?
Many are embracing the idea of Gross Domestic Happiness. A group of foundations are developing a Social
Competitiveness Index, which will “measure and compare the capacity of
countries—government, the private sector and civil society, working together—to
innovate and to test and scale up solutions to the social and environmental
problems that they face in the 21st century.”
Some are pushing for “beyond
GDP metrics”, and asking credit rating agencies such as Moody’s to rate the
creditworthiness of companies and national economies by societal well being and
quality of life, our planet’s carrying capacity and ecological indicators. And many are choosing to buy local, to
consume less, to hang out on their front porch with the neighbors instead of
going to the mall. I’ll be on my porch.
“Our Gross National Product - if we judge the United States
of America by that - counts air pollution and cigarette advertising, and
ambulances to clear our highways of carnage. It counts special locks for
our doors and the jails for the people who break them. It counts the
destruction of the redwood and the loss of our natural wonder in chaotic
sprawl. It counts napalm and counts nuclear warheads and armored cars for
the police to fight the riots in our cities… Yet the gross national product
does not allow for the health of our children, the quality of their education
or the joy of their play. It does not include the beauty of our poetry or
the strength of our marriages, the intelligence of our public debate or the
integrity of our public officials. It measures neither our wit nor our
courage, neither our wisdom nor our learning, neither our compassion nor our
devotion to our country, it measures everything in short, except that which
makes life worthwhile. And it can tell us everything about America except
why we are proud that we are Americans.” ~Robert
F. Kennedy, 1968
Heather, I love this post and I love Stacey Mitchell! It's terrifying to realize how just a few conglomerates and mega-conglomerates are controlling the market. (How exactly is this free-market capitalism??) I touched a little bit on this in my (poorly-written) blog post this week about Stonyfield Farm. Even in the pursuit of something as seemingly altruistic selling as organic yogurt, companies can be led astray by selling out to large conglomerates that really only have an interest in appeasing their shareholders with financial gains. Stonyfield could have grown far more thoughtfully and deliberately and helped the small organic dairy industry in the US grow in the process (and perhaps encouraged more farmers to turn organic and make a better profit).
ReplyDeleteShopping locally is not just a "feel good" action, as Stacey points out in her work with ILSR (http://www.ilsr.org/) but rather strengthens the local economy and creates resiliency. I was excited to learn of the Social Competitive Index and will be checking it out later today!
Thanks for your always interesting posts!
Emily
Heather~ I feel inspired after reading you post. Thank you for the gentle reminder to maintain my money locally. I also touched briefly on two measurement indexes in my blog, one of them was The Happy Planet Index where they use the measurement of life expectancy, experienced well-being and Ecological Footprint, in determining real global sustainable well-being. This was the first time i had come across their work, and feel really inspired by them.
ReplyDeleteThe other was the genuine Progress Indicator, which i had heard of before. Yet when i visited their web site again, i was gently reminded that redefining GPI as an alternative to the GDP enable all of us, whether we are policy makers or citizens how we measure our economic, social and environmental needs.
Yes, shopping locally strengthens our local economy, but it also feels good. When i am spooning out a spoon of honey from a local beekeeper there is a sense of ownership, a feeling of hope, that with my dollars, i can say a thousand words.
Like Emily~ Thank you for your insightful and interesting posts Heather~ I do really enjoy reading them.
Amanda
"Nothing is more destructive than the gap between people's perceptions of their own day-to-day economic well-being and what politicians and statisticians are telling them about the economy."
ReplyDelete-French president Nicolas Sarkozy at the unveiling of the Stiglitz Report in Paris on 14 September 2009
Heather, I'll meet you on the front porch. I've never met a front stoop I don't like. #heckyeahstoopliving
Thanks for your post raising important questions about how we measure our own well-being, and that of our nation.